Writing+9-10+Arguments

1. Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.

a. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

b. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience’s knowledge level and concerns.

c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.

d. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.

e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.

1. Write persuasive compositions that use evidence to support all claims based on the analysis of the text or topic. Evidence should be valid and logical. a. Create specific arguments (claims) and identify counterclaims. Use logical organization in the composition. b. Develop counterclaims with evidence for each claim. Identify strengths and weaknesses. c. Organize ideas and use transition words to clarify relationships between claims and evidence. d. Use academic English. e. Write a conclusion that summarizes and supports the argument presented.